StarRocks

StarRocks SQL uses backtick-quoted identifiers, regexp() for regex, and -> with JSON-stringified keys for JSON access.

Basic Examples

FlyQL	Generated SQL
message = 'hello'	`message` = 'hello'
message != 'hello'	`message` != 'hello'
count > 10	`count` > 10
count <= 100	`count` <= 100
message ~ 'error.*'	regexp(`message`, 'error.*')
message !~ 'test.*'	NOT regexp(`message`, 'test.*')
host = 'prod'	`host` = 'prod'

Boolean Operators

FlyQL	Generated SQL
a = '1' and b > 10	`a` = '1' AND `b` > 10
a = '1' or b = '2'	`a` = '1' OR `b` = '2'
not a = '1'	NOT (`a` = '1')

List Membership

FlyQL	Generated SQL
status in [200, 201]	`status` IN (200, 201)
env not in ['dev', 'test']	`env` NOT IN ('dev', 'test')
status in []	0
status not in []	1

Truthy Checks

A bare column reference (active, not active) generates type-aware SQL — there is no single “is truthy” expression, because what counts as falsy differs by column type.

Column Type	FlyQL	Generated SQL
String	message	(`message` IS NOT NULL AND `message` != '')
Int / Float	count	(`count` IS NOT NULL AND `count` != 0)
Bool	active	`active`
Date	created_at	(`created_at` IS NOT NULL)
Negated String	not message	(`message` IS NULL OR `message` = '')

Containment (has / not has)

The has operator generates different SQL depending on the column type:

Column Type	FlyQL	Generated SQL
String	message has 'error'	INSTR(`message`, 'error') > 0
String (negated)	message not has 'error'	(`message` IS NULL OR INSTR(`message`, 'error') = 0)
Array	tags has 'web'	array_contains(`tags`, 'web')
Array (negated)	tags not has 'web'	NOT array_contains(`tags`, 'web')
Map	metadata has 'key'	array_contains(map_keys(`metadata`), 'key')
Map (negated)	metadata not has 'key'	NOT array_contains(map_keys(`metadata`), 'key')
Native JSON	data has 'key'	json_exists(`data`, concat('$.', 'key'))

JSON Columns

StarRocks supports two JSON column types with different SQL output.

Native JSON Type

Native JSON columns use the -> operator with JSON-stringified keys:

FlyQL	Generated SQL
data.name = 'test'	`data`->'"name"' = 'test'
data.user.name = 'john'	`data`->'"user"'->'"name"' = 'john'

JSON String Type

Columns storing JSON as a string (declared with the synthetic jsonstring raw type) require parse_json() before traversal:

FlyQL	Generated SQL
log.name = 'test'	parse_json(`log`)->'"name"' = 'test'
log.user.name = 'john'	parse_json(`log`)->'"user"'->'"name"' = 'john'

Nested Complex Types

The StarRocks generator treats a segmented path as belonging to a single container type — it does not currently descend through mixed nesting such as Map(K, Struct), Array(Map), or Struct fields that are themselves Map/Array. For such columns, flatten the path or expose the inner value as a separate column.

Map Columns

Map columns use bracket notation with direct comparison:

FlyQL	Generated SQL
metadata.key1 = 'value1'	`metadata`['key1'] = 'value1'
metadata.key1 != 'value1'	`metadata`['key1'] != 'value1'
metadata.nested.key = 'value'	`metadata`['nested']['key'] = 'value'
metadata.pattern ~ 'test.*'	`metadata`['pattern'] regexp 'test.*'

Array Columns

FlyQL array indices are 0-based; the StarRocks generator adds 1 when emitting SQL because StarRocks arrays are 1-indexed at the SQL layer:

FlyQL	Generated SQL
tags.0 = 'first'	`tags`[1] = 'first'
tags.1 = 'second'	`tags`[2] = 'second'

Column Setup

Text/varchar columns whose contents are valid JSON are declared with the synthetic jsonstring raw type (same as ClickHouse):

// Go
columns := map[string]*starrocks.Column{
    "message": starrocks.NewColumn(starrocks.ColumnDef{Name: "message", Type: "VARCHAR(255)"}),
    "data":    starrocks.NewColumn(starrocks.ColumnDef{Name: "data", Type: "JSON"}),         // native JSON
    "log":     starrocks.NewColumn(starrocks.ColumnDef{Name: "log", Type: "jsonstring"}),    // JSON-in-text
}

// JavaScript
const columns = {
    message: newColumn({ name: "message", type: "VARCHAR(255)" }),
    data:    newColumn({ name: "data", type: "JSON" }),         // native JSON
    log:     newColumn({ name: "log", type: "jsonstring" }),    // JSON-in-text
}

Transformers

Transformers generate StarRocks-standard function calls with backtick-quoted column names:

FlyQL	Generated SQL
status|upper = "ERROR"	UPPER(`status`) = 'ERROR'
status|lower = "info"	LOWER(`status`) = 'info'
message|len > 100	LENGTH(`message`) > 100
message|lower|len > 100	LENGTH(LOWER(`message`)) > 100
tags|split(",") has "urgent"	array_contains(SPLIT(`tags`, ','), 'urgent')